This article is also available in Russian
Публикации в СМИ: что считается major media (русская версия)
This is Part 1
In Part 2 - practice: quantity, format, typical problems, RFE examples, and technical nuances. Here - what constitutes "major media", USCIS requirements, evidence examples, and international media.
Criterion 3 - Published Material (Media) - Part 1
Table of Contents
- Official USCIS Requirements
- Assess Your EB1A Media Criterion Chances
- Article Analysis Template
- How to Prove a Publication Is Major Media EB1A
- Examples of Proving Major Media Status
- International Media
- Online Platforms and Social Media
- Formatting in the Petition
- Types of Publications
- Russian and Regional Media
We break down the eb1a published material criterion: what USCIS considers “major media”, how to prove a publication’s significance, examples from real cases, international and Russian media, online platforms, and formatting rules for the petition.
Official USCIS Requirements
Main guide on this topic: EB-1A Criteria: 10 Types of Evidence
This guide covers EB-1A specifically. For EB-2 NIW, see our dedicated guide.
Official USCIS Requirements (original + translation)
Criterion 3: Published material about the person in professional or major trade publications or other major media relating to the person’s work in the field for which classification is sought. Such evidence must include the title, date, and author of the material, and any necessary translation.
First, USCIS determines whether the published material was related to the person and the person’s specific work in the field for which classification is sought.
Examples of qualifying media may include, but are not limited to:
- Professional or major print publications (newspaper articles, popular and academic journal articles, books, textbooks, or similar publications) regarding the person and the person’s work;
- Professional or major online publications regarding the person and the person’s work; and
- Transcripts of professional or major audio or video coverage of the person and the person’s work.
Considerations:
The published material should be about the person, relating to the person’s work in the field, and not just about the person’s employer and the employer’s work or about another organization and that organization’s work. Marketing materials created for the purpose of selling the person’s products or promoting the person’s services are not generally considered to be published material about the person (this includes seemingly objective content about the person in major print publications that the person or the person’s employer paid for).
However, the person and the person’s work need not be the only subject of the material; published material that covers a broader topic but includes a substantial discussion of the person’s work in the field and mentions the person in connection to the work may be considered material about the person relating to the person’s work.
Moreover, officers may consider material that focuses solely or primarily on work or research being undertaken by a team of which the person is a member, provided that the material mentions the person in connection with the work or other evidence in the record documents the person’s significant role in the work or research.
Evidence may include documentation such as print or online newspaper or magazine articles, popular or academic journal articles, books, textbooks, similar publications, or a transcript of professional or major audio or video coverage of the person and the person’s work.
Second, USCIS determines whether the publication qualifies as a professional publication, major trade publication, or major media publication.
In evaluating whether a submitted publication is a professional publication, major trade publication, or major media, relevant factors include the intended audience (for professional and major trade publications) and the relative circulation, readership, or viewership (for major trade publications and other major media).
→ Russian Translation
Criterion 3: Published material about the alien in professional or major trade publications or other major media relating to the alien’s work in the field for which classification is sought. Such evidence must include the title, date, and author of the material, and any necessary translation.
First, USCIS determines whether the published material was related to the alien and their specific work in the field for which classification is sought.
Examples of qualifying media include, but are not limited to:
- Professional or major print publications (newspaper articles, popular and academic journal articles, books, textbooks, or similar publications) about the alien and their work;
- Professional or major online publications about the alien and their work;
- Transcripts of professional or major audio or video coverage of the alien and their work.
Important Clarifications:
The published material should be about the alien and their work in the field, and not simply about the alien’s employer and the employer’s work, or about another organization and that organization’s work. Marketing materials created for the purpose of selling products or promoting the alien’s services are generally not considered published material about the alien (including seemingly objective content about the alien in major print publications that the alien or their employer paid for).
However, the alien and their work need not be the only subject of the material; a publication covering a broader topic but including substantial discussion of the alien’s work in the field and mentioning them in connection to that work may be considered material about the alien relating to their work.
Additionally, officers may consider material devoted exclusively or primarily to the work or research of a team of which the alien is a member, provided the material mentions the alien in connection with the work or other evidence in the record documents the alien’s significant role in the work or research.
Evidence may include documentation such as print or online newspaper or magazine articles, popular or academic journal articles, books, textbooks, similar publications, or a transcript of professional or major audio or video coverage of the alien and their work.
Second, USCIS determines whether the publication qualifies as a professional publication, major trade publication, or major media publication.
In evaluating whether a submitted publication is a professional publication, major trade publication, or major media, relevant factors include the intended audience (for professional and major trade publications) and the relative circulation, readership, or viewership (for major trade publications and other major media).
What Does USCIS Require?
Published Material in Media - Regulatory Text
Verbatim text from the Code of Federal Regulations for EB-1A and O-1.
"Published material about the alien in professional or major trade publications or other major media, relating to the alien's work in the field for which classification is sought. Such evidence shall include the title, date, and author of the material, and any necessary translation."
"Published material in professional or major trade publications or major media about the beneficiary, relating to the beneficiary's work in the field for which classification is sought."
Difference between EB-1A and O-1: EB-1A requires the title, date, and author + translation. O-1 does not formally require this, but in practice officers request the same documents.
4 Mandatory Elements of the Criterion
Officers verify ALL 4 elements:
USCIS Policy Manual
"The plain language of this criterion requires evidence (1) of published material, (2) that the published material contains the title, date, and author of the material, and any necessary translation, (3) that the published material is about the petitioner relating to the petitioner's work in the field, and (4) that the published material qualifies as professional or major trade publications or other major media."
Not a draft, not a social media post - a real publication in a media outlet
All three are mandatory. Missing the author or date - RFE guaranteed
The article must be about you personally, not about the company or project in general
Professional, major trade publications, or other major media - with evidence of the outlet's status
Important
Failure on any element = "criterion not met". This is one of the criteria where RFEs are most commonly issued. The eb1a media criterion also pairs well with the Awards criterion - if your award was covered in the press.
Detailed Requirements for Publications
What must be in the publication:
- Title of the material (article headline)
- Publication date (exact date, not just the year)
- Author (journalist’s full name, NOT the publisher’s name)
- Confirmation of publication (screenshot, PDF, link)
| Acceptable | Not Acceptable |
|---|---|
| Article indicating “By John Smith, Technology Reporter” | Article without an author |
| Material with a clear date “Published: March 15, 2024” | Material where the author is the petitioner themselves |
| Publication on the outlet’s official website with a URL | Company press release |
| Print version (in that case a URL is not required) | Advertising material (Sponsored, Advertisement) |
Requirements for Article Content
A) Focus of the Material:
- The article is genuinely ABOUT YOU (not just a mention)
- Related to your work in the claimed field
- Not an article solely about the employer/organization
B) Scope of Discussion:
- Contains substantial discussion of your work
- If the article covers a broad topic - your contribution is discussed in detail
- If about team work - your significant role is identified
C) Nature of the Material:
- Not marketing/advertising
- Not paid content
- Objective journalistic coverage
| Acceptable | Not Acceptable |
|---|---|
| Professional interview about your area of expertise | General article about the company that mentions you |
| Your expert comments on industry trends | Material about hobbies or personal life |
| Analytical article where you serve as an expert | News piece where you are one of many participants |
| Expert opinion on events in the industry | Paid PR material |
What Constitutes Major Media?
USCIS Policy Manual:
USCIS Policy Manual
"For published material to qualify as major media, an officer looks at whether the publication or broadcast has significant national or international distribution."
How Do Professional, Major Trade, and Major Media Differ?
USCIS does not provide clear definitions, but in practice the distinction lies in the audience:
- Professional publications - academic and scholarly journals for narrow specialists (doctors read JAMA, engineers read IEEE)
- Major trade publications - industry publications for professionals in a given industry (Billboard for musicians, Variety for film, AdAge for advertisers)
- Major media - mass media for the general public with national/international reach
For USCIS the key is: high circulation/traffic and significance within its category. A local newspaper will not qualify in any category.
| Category | Audience | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Professional publications | Narrow specialists (scholarly, academic) | IEEE Spectrum, JAMA, General Director, Hairbazar |
| Major trade publications | Industry professionals | Billboard, Variety, AdAge, The Hollywood Reporter |
| Major media | General public (Russia) | Forbes, RBC, Kommersant, KP, MK, AiF, Pravda.ru |
| Major media | General public (Ukraine) | Focus.ua, Meta.ua, Gazeta.ua, RBC.ua |
How Many Articles Are Needed at Minimum?
There is no formal minimum. In practice:
- 4-5 in major media - sufficient
- 5+ in niche publications - may not be enough
- Quality matters more than quantity
Does an Article About the Company Where I Am CEO Count?
Depends on the content. USCIS requires “about the alien”:
- Your name in the headline/lead - yes
- Discussion of your role and achievements - yes
- Only the company name - no
Example from RFE: article about the company vs. article about you
Quote from RFE
“The submitted articles were primarily about your work. The articles mention your name or include your opinion, but published material must not simply be about your work, but about you - though it may not be unrelated to your work.”
Important clarification: an article about your WORK ≠ an article about YOU. The officer states: the article must be ABOUT YOU and related to your work - not simply about a project where you were mentioned. The focus must be on the person, not the project.
Assess Your EB1A Media Criterion Chances
From practice: 300+ RFEs analyzed
Formally, USCIS requires "published material in major media". But in practice, out of 300+ RFEs analyzed from 2023-2025, 78% of denials on this criterion were linked to a single problem: the petitioner failed to prove the publication's major status. Officers do not take on faith that "Forbes is major" - they need specific data on circulation/audience and comparisons with other publications.
Check your publications before filing
Each "bad option" answer reduces your chances of meeting this criterion. Be honest with yourself.
1. Type of Your Media
| Your Answer | Chances |
|---|---|
| Only Major Media (KP, RBC, Forbes) | |
| Major + niche (50/50) | |
| Mostly niche publications | |
| Only niche publications |
Tip
Niche publications are harder to prove. Beyond the "About Us" page and media kit there is usually nothing else, and officers consider this self-serving.
2. Article Submission Format
| Your Answer | Chances |
|---|---|
| PDF with URL on each | |
| URL only on the first | |
| Screenshots | |
| Cropped excerpts |
3. How Many Sources Prove Major Status?
| Your Answer | Chances |
|---|---|
| SimilarWeb + 5-9 sources | |
| SimilarWeb + 3-4 sources | |
| SimilarWeb + 1-2 sources | |
| SimilarWeb only | |
| Media kit only |
4. Author, Date, Title
| Your Answer | Chances |
|---|---|
| All three + highlighted | |
| Present but not highlighted | |
| Author = “Editorial Staff” | |
| No date | |
| No title |
5. Article Content - Who Are They About?
| Your Answer | Chances |
|---|---|
| Entire article is ABOUT YOU | |
| You are the main subject | |
| Mentioned substantially | |
| 1-2 sentences / a quote | |
| About the company / event |
6. Over How Many Years Were Publications Collected?
| Your Answer | Plain Language | Final Merits (EB-1) |
|---|---|---|
| 5+ years | ||
| 3-4 years | ||
| 2 years | ||
| 1 year | ||
| Only 2024-25 |
Do not be afraid to file with 1-2 years
At the Plain Language step, the criterion will be credited - that is already a win. At Final Merits it may be devalued, but strengthen it with other criteria.
Summary: Count Your Answers
| Result | What to Do |
|---|---|
| All |
Criterion is ready for filing |
| 1-2 |
Improve the weak areas |
| 3+ |
Seriously reconsider your strategy |
Remember
The officer will NOT carefully read your articles and look for connections. They will skim through, and if they do not clearly see "article about [Name] and their work" with the author, date, and evidence of major status - they will deny. Make everything obvious.
Article Analysis Template
Use this prompt for ChatGPT/Claude to analyze your article for compliance with USCIS requirements:
Prompt for article analysis
Petitioner [NAME] is preparing an EB-1 petition for USCIS as: [SPECIALTY]
Analyze this article for compliance with USCIS requirements for the EB-1 Published Material criterion:
1. Mandatory formal elements:
- Title of the material
- Publication date
- Author
- Translation (if required)
2. Content analysis:
A) Focus of the material:
- Is the article genuinely ABOUT the alien
- Is it related to their specific work in the claimed field
- Is it not merely a mention/quote/photo without discussion
- Is it not an article solely about their employer/organization
B) Scope of discussion:
- Does it contain substantial discussion of the alien's work
- If the article covers a broader topic - is the alien's contribution discussed in sufficient detail
- If about team work - is the alien's significant role identified
C) Nature of the material:
- Is it not marketing/advertising
- Is it not paid content
- Objectivity of coverage
3. Publication type (identify one):
- Professional publication (for field specialists)
- Major trade publication (major industry publication)
- Other major media (major media outlets)
Article for analysis:
[PASTE ARTICLE TEXT]
How to use
Copy the prompt, replace [NAME], [SPECIALTY] and paste the article text. The AI will give an objective assessment of whether the article qualifies under this criterion.
How to Prove a Publication Is Major Media EB1A
How to Prove a Publication Qualifies as Major Media?
Use multiple sources:
| Source | What It Shows | Where to Get It |
|---|---|---|
| SimilarWeb | Traffic, country and category ranking | Free (basic data) |
| Medialogia | Rankings of Russian media | Via Wayback Machine |
| Rambler Top100 | Runet ranking | Archives |
| Citation by Western media | International-level recognition | Google News, LexisNexis |
| Media Kit of the outlet | Official statistics | Outlet’s website |
How to Prove “Major” Status of a Publication?
Recommended sources:
- SimilarWeb - traffic data (but one source is not enough!)
- Alexa rankings (archival via Wayback)
- Media Kit of the outlet - official audience data
- Medialogia rankings - for Russian media
- Comparison with well-known counterparts
SimilarWeb alone is not enough!
FROM RFE
"We note your submission of website traffic for SM.news and kp.ru from similarweb.com. Yet information from the website analysis tool similarweb.com is inconclusive. One web traffic analysis website on its own is not persuasive to establish these sources are considered major media."
The officer states directly: SimilarWeb alone = “inconclusive”. Additional sources are needed.
Example from RFE: need to prove the audience = professionals
Quote from RFE
“In evaluating whether a submitted publication is a professional publication, major trade publication, or major media, relevant factors include the intended audience (for professional and major trade publications) and the relative circulation, readership, or viewership (for major trade publications and other major media). The petitioner did not provide evidence indicating that the intended audience for any of the publications is professionals in the field of construction management, therefore the evidence does not demonstrate that they are professional or major trade publications.”
The officer states: you claim this is a professional publication, but you have not proven that the audience consists of professionals in your industry. You need to demonstrate the intended audience.
How to prove professional audience:
- Media Kit with audience description
- Subscriber data (job titles, industries)
- Subscription terms (paid for specialists?)
- Publication content (technical articles for professionals)
What Is More Important: Articles About You or Your Authored Articles?
These are different criteria:
| Type | Criterion | What It Proves |
|---|---|---|
| Articles ABOUT YOU | Published Material | Recognition |
| Your articles | Authorship | Expertise |
Is Circulation Required If the Media Is Online?
For online media, instead of circulation use:
- Unique monthly visitors
- Country ranking (SimilarWeb + other sources)
- Comparison with recognized major media
Reprint in Another Outlet - Two Sources?
No. Officers look at the original. Reprints can be mentioned as evidence of distribution.
Do You Need to Prove the Publication’s Significance as of the Publication Date?
Yes. If the article is from 2014 but the SimilarWeb data is from 2024:
- Use Wayback Machine for archival data
- Show that the publication existed and was significant at that time
- Explain: “At the time of publication, [outlet] was ranked…”
Example from RFE: data from a different year = denial
Officer’s requirement
“The submitted evidence does not show that the publications qualify as professional or major trade publications or other major media. Particularly because the circulation data is not from the same year the article and/or interview were published about the Petitioner, and the statistical data was not in the same format as the publication (episodic, monthly, quarterly, etc.).”
The officer rejected evidence because the circulation data was from a DIFFERENT year than the publication date.
Full data requirement
“The circulation statistics for the publications are to be compared against at least two separate media traffic analytics that are in the Petitioner’s country, during the same timeframe of the Petitioner’s publications, in the same format (daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly etc.) and in the same field of endeavor.”
Officer’s checklist:
- At least 2 analytics sources
- In the same country
- For the same period (year of publication)
- In the same measurement format
- In the same field
Is a Letter from the Outlet Certifying It Is a Professional Publication Required?
Not mandatory, but it can help if:
- The outlet is niche and little-known
- You need to confirm editorial control
- The officer requested it in an RFE
What Media Should You Compare Traffic Against to Prove Major Status?
Compare with:
- Category leaders in the country
- American counterparts
- Other publications the officer will definitely know
How to Show That the Outlet Is Cited by Authoritative Sources?
Collect 3-5 citation examples and format them as a separate exhibit. You do not need 50 pages - it is enough to show a pattern of recognition.
Do American Media Also Need Detailed Descriptions?
Yes. Even for Forbes/TechCrunch you need evidence:
- Traffic/audience data
- Comparison with other major media
- Do not rely solely on name recognition
Do Article View Counts Matter?
View counts for a specific article are rarely required. What matters more:
- Overall outlet traffic
- Outlet’s ranking in its category
- But if you have a viral article with millions of views - mention it
Medialogia Rankings from Prior Years - How to Obtain Them?
Ways to obtain archival data:
- Wayback Machine - search mlg.ru for the needed dates
- Press releases - outlets often publish their own rankings
- Media market articles - analytics with historical data
If the Outlet Is Cited by NY Times - Is That Enough?
No. Citation by an authoritative source is a plus, but not proof of major status. You need audience data for the outlet itself.
Examples of Proving Major Media Status
Where to look for evidence
Search Google for "[outlet name] media kit", "[outlet name] audience", "[outlet name] circulation" or look up the outlet in SimilarWeb, Medialogia, or media rankings for your country.
Important
Use Wikipedia ONLY for finding information, but do NOT attach it to the petition. USCIS does not accept Wikipedia as evidence.
Komsomolskaya Pravda (KP.ru) - Gold Standard Example
Documents for proving KP.ru major status (full list)
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Roskomnadzor License | EL No FS77-80505 - official registration |
| Scimago 2024 (world) | #37 among 5,467 world media - alongside NYT |
| Scimago 2024 (Russia) | #3 among all Russian news media |
| Top 20 Brands | #1 in the newspaper category in Russia from 2013 to present |
| People’s Brand 2024 | #1 in the print media category (popular vote) |
| Guinness Book of World Records | World circulation record: 21.9 million copies (1990) |
| The Guardian | Called “the most widely read newspaper in Russia” |
| Soviet Orders | Order of Lenin, October Revolution, Patriotic War, 2x Red Banner of Labor |
| Order of Honor | State award to employees for contributions to media development |
| Runet Prize 2020 | Award in the “Culture, Media and Mass Communications” category |
| LiveInternet | #1 in News and Media category: 91 million visitors, 87% reach |
| Medialogia 2024 | #5 among newspapers, #2 in social media citation (93,896 links) |
| Partnerships | Official media partner of SPIEF, EEF, Russian Investment Forum |
| Reach | 89 regions + 13 countries, offices in the USA, Canada, Australia |
| Traffic Report | 75.45 million visits (May 2025) |
Why this is a gold standard example:
- Global recognition: Scimago #37 in the world alongside NYT
- Guinness Record - irrefutable historical significance
- #1 brand among newspapers for 12 consecutive years (2013-2025)
- State awards: Soviet orders + contemporary Order of Honor
- Recognition by Western media (The Guardian)
- Partner of Russia’s top forums (SPIEF, EEF)
Examples of Proving Major Media Status for Specific Outlets
Below are real examples of documents used to prove major media status. Use them as templates for your own publications.
Where to look for evidence
Search Google for "[outlet name] media kit", "[outlet name] audience", "[outlet name] circulation" or look up the outlet in SimilarWeb, Medialogia, or media rankings for your country.
Important
Use Wikipedia ONLY for finding information, but do NOT attach it to the petition. USCIS does not accept Wikipedia as evidence.
Forbes Kazakhstan - Global Brand
Documents for proving Forbes KZ major status
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Urker-2021 | National award “Best Magazine of the Year” |
| Harvard Davis Center | Recognition as “major business media platform” |
| BusinessWire | Official announcement by Forbes Media of the launch |
| SimilarWeb | 1.02 million visits, #337 in Kazakhstan |
Works because: National award + academic recognition (Harvard) + connection to the global Forbes brand.
Express-Gazeta (eg.ru) - Example of a Federal Russian Media Outlet
How to prove eg.ru major status
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Roskomnadzor License | Distribution in Russia and abroad - international reach |
| Circulation data | Print version 400,000+ copies in 5 countries, 1.2 million readers per issue |
| Mail.ru ranking | #12 among newspapers by traffic (May 2025) |
| Medialogia 2025 | #9 among Russia’s most cited newspapers (March 2025) |
| Medialogia 2022 | #9 among the most cited newspapers (June 2022) |
| Mass newspaper ranking | #6 among Russia’s mass-market newspapers (Q3 2012) |
| Sales leader | Winner of “Sales Leader of the Year” 2011 in the “Entertainment Press” category (3rd consecutive year) |
| Lady Universe 2019 | Outlet’s journalist - winner of international award in the “Lady Reporter” category |
| Traffic Report | 2.96 million visits per month (April 2025) |
Why it works: Medialogia rankings from different years (2022, 2025) + multiple types of recognition (Mail.ru, Medialogia, sales ranking) + international reach (5 countries) + journalist awards.
Svobodnaya Pressa - Example with International Journalist Award
Documents for proving Svobodnaya Pressa major status
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Roskomnadzor Certificate | Registration No FS 77-77526, December 31, 2019 |
| TOP Mail.ru February 2025 | #6 among newspapers |
| Medialogia June 2014 | #17 in TOP-30 most cited internet resources |
| Brandanalytics June 2023 | #21 in TOP-100 most viral Russian-language media |
| Brandanalytics January 2025 | Included in TOP-20 most viral media |
| Kommersant (2006) | Coverage of the holding’s strategic growth; partnership with “AiF”; circulation of 2.3 million copies per month |
| PRC Award | Journalist Mikhail Morozov received the highest government award of China - the PRC State Council Friendship Prize |
| SimilarWeb | 22+ million visits per month |
Why it works: International journalist award (PRC Friendship Prize) + coverage in Kommersant + ranking dynamics (2014->2023->2025) + media holding with printing facility + 22 million visits.
Rossiyskaya Gazeta - Example of a Government Publication
Documents for proving RG major status
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Roskomnadzor Certificate | Registration No 302, September 28, 1993 - official media registration |
| Medialogia August 2024 | #5 among Russian newspapers |
| Scimago Spring 2025 | #5 among all Russian general news media; circulation of 700,000+ copies per day |
| TASS (25th anniversary) | 5 million readers per week, circulation 3.32 million, revenue 3.114 billion rubles, 27 countries |
| LiveInternet | 2.5 million visitors in 31 days |
| Traffic Analysis | 31.38 million visits per month; top 140 in Russia |
| Golden Pen 2017, 2024 | Awards from the Union of Journalists of Russia to RG journalists |
Why it works: Official government publication (publishes Russian federal laws) + international scale (27 countries, 22 websites in 16 languages) + 30+ years of history + numerous awards.
Pravda.ru - Example with Rankings Across Different Years
How to prove Pravda.ru major status
Key facts:
- One of the oldest online media outlets in Russia (since 1999)
- International version in English
- Millions of readers per month
Tip: Use Wayback Machine to show historical traffic data. This demonstrates sustained major status.
Argumenty Nedeli - Example with International Recognition
How to prove Argumenty Nedeli major status
Key facts:
- Federal weekly newspaper
- Print circulation 150,000+ copies
- Online version argumenti.ru
- Distribution in 80+ Russian regions
There are successful approval cases with this publication.
TAdviser - Example of a Trade Publication for IT
How to prove TAdviser professional/trade status
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Roskomnadzor License | EL No FS 77-86651 (January 2024) - official registration |
| Medialogia 2024 | #8 in Top-20 most cited IT/Telecom media |
| CNews ranking 2023 | #8 in Top-20 most cited IT/Telecom media |
| Rankings 2011-2022 | Consistently in the top: #4 (2022), #2 (2019), #5 (2017) |
| Digital Journalism 2024 | Laureate - best source of digital technology analytics |
| Digital Journalism 2023 | Winner - one of the leaders in IT journalism in Russia |
| PR in IT Award 2016 | “Best IT Media” |
| Russoft Award 2021 | Award for popularization of the IT industry |
| Citation in Kommersant | Analytical materials cited by leading federal business media |
| IT PRIZE | Organizer of a national IT industry award |
| TAdviser SummIT | Organizer of major IT conferences with market leaders |
| Traffic Report | 1.21 million visits (October 2025) |
Why it works as a trade publication:
- Target audience: business/IT professionals (CIOs, IT directors)
- Multi-year rankings (2011-2024) - sustained recognition
- Industry awards (Digital Journalism 2023-2024, PR in IT, Russoft)
- Organizer of awards and conferences (IT PRIZE, TAdviser SummIT)
- Citation by federal media (Kommersant)
Approval example
“In support of this criterion, you submitted articles from: www.eg.ru; www.tadviser.ru; Cover letters citing Similarweb statistics… USCIS has reviewed the evidence submitted in support of this classification and has determined that you have established eligibility under this regulatory criterion.”
Criterion credited! What worked: eg.ru + tadviser.ru + SimilarWeb data in cover letters.
International Media (Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, UK)
Ukrainian Media
For Ukrainian media, it is important to demonstrate national leadership within the country. USCIS understands that Ukrainian media have a smaller audience than American ones but evaluates them as major media within the context of their own country.
Dialog.ua (Ukraine) - example with Newsweek citation
Documents for proving major media status:
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Newsweek Citation | November 16, 2023 - Newsweek (115 million readers) cited Dialog.ua as a reliable source |
| Semrush | #243 in Ukraine, #10,870 worldwide; 6.75 million visits, 8+ minute session |
| SimilarWeb | 25.21 million visits for Q1 2025; international audience from Kazakhstan, Latvia, Germany |
| SiteIndices | #309 in Ukraine, #28,091 worldwide; valuation $1.8 million; 114,730 unique daily visitors |
| Multi-platform presence | YouTube, Telegram, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter |
| Editorial Team | Specialized editors by section (Style, Show-biz, Lifestyle) |
| Media Profile | Socio-political publication with exclusive commentary from politicians, journalists, experts |
Why this works:
- Newsweek citation - American magazine since 1933 recognized Dialog.ua as a reliable source
- High engagement (8+ minute session) - demonstrates content quality
- Commercial value ($1.8 million) - objective significance assessment
- 25+ million visits per quarter - national media scale
Focus.ua (Ukraine) - example of Ukrainian major media
Documents for proving major media status:
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Media Profile | Founded in 2006, print circulation 32,000, 87.5K readers per issue |
| ON News ranking 2023 | #10 among 1000+ Ukrainian news sites |
| Institute of Mass Information | Top-10 Ukrainian media, 15.5 million views per month (Q2 2024) |
| Feedspot 2024 | #22 among Top-35 Ukrainian news sites, Domain Authority 79 |
| Ranking February 2023 | #6 among Ukrainian news sites: 9 million users, 57 million views |
| Social media | 84.2K Facebook, 23.4K Twitter, 30 publications per day |
| Semrush 2024 | 6.36 million visits, +8.47% month-over-month growth |
| SimilarWeb | 16.57 million visits, +20.31% growth, #60 in Ukraine |
| Audience | 85-87% Ukrainian audience, international reach |
Why this works for Ukrainian media:
- Multiple independent rankings (ON News, Institute of Mass Information, Feedspot)
- Specific positions (#6, #10, #22 in different rankings)
- Comparison with leaders (alongside pravda.com.ua, censor.net)
- Audience growth (+20% in SimilarWeb)
- Print version + online = multi-platform presence
Gazeta.ua (Ukraine) - example with European recognition
Documents for proving major media status:
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Institute of Mass Information | Recognition from IMI - Ukraine’s leading media organization |
| Eurotopics | Included in the European press platform as a major Ukrainian news outlet |
| Media Ownership Monitor | Included in the Ukrainian media ownership monitoring project |
| Media Kit | 20 million page views per month |
| SimilarWeb | 2.3 million visits, 7-minute average session |
| SEMrush | Authority score 55, 2.1 million backlinks |
| Competitor comparison | Higher than Apostrophe.ua (35) and Vikna.tv (29) in authority score |
| History | Founded in 2005-2006, publisher Nova Informatsiya |
| Audience | 85% Ukrainian audience |
Why this works:
- European recognition (Eurotopics) - independent international source
- Institutional recognition (IMI, Media Ownership Monitor)
- High engagement (7 minutes per session - above average)
- Competitor comparison - demonstrates niche leadership
- Long history (since 2005)
Meta.ua (Ukraine) - example with national award
Documents for proving major media status:
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Ukrainian People’s Award 2023 | “Information Portal of the Year” in the mass media category |
| Ukrainian People’s Award 2024 | Repeat recognition alongside national TV channels (Channel 24, M1, New Channel) |
| Ahrefs | 5.1 million visits, #21 in Ukraine, Top-1000 worldwide, Domain Authority 76 |
| SimilarWeb | 10.87 million visits, #56 in Ukraine |
| SEMrush | 4.34 million visits, +12.36% month-over-month growth |
| Platform history | Founded in 2000 - one of the oldest Ukrainian portals |
| Facebook/Meta interest | Facebook showed interest in purchasing the domain - confirms market value |
| International reach | Audience in Poland, Germany, Kazakhstan |
Why this works:
- National award 2 consecutive years (2023-2024) - independent recognition
- Comparison with TV channels - awarded alongside Channel 24, M1
- Three analytics systems (Ahrefs, SimilarWeb, SEMrush)
- Long history (since 2000) - stability
- Big Tech interest in the domain - indirect confirmation of significance
UAInfo.org (Ukraine) - example with international citations
Documents for proving major media status:
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| On-News Network | Included in Ukraine’s leading advertising platform for top national media |
| PrFlare | Listed among top Ukrainian news sites alongside Ukr.net, Pravda.com.ua, TSN.ua, RBC.ua |
| PRNEWS.io | Included among Ukraine’s top media alongside Dialog.ua (7.7M), Apostrophe.ua (6.4M), Espreso.tv (6.7M) |
| ZoomInfo | Recognized as an influential online publication with comprehensive coverage of global events, technology, and politics |
| SimilarWeb | #24,693 worldwide, #2,181 in News & Media category, 2.7 million visits per month |
| Semrush | #1,556 in Ukraine, #94,814 worldwide; international traffic from Poland (18.95%), Germany (2.69%), Canada (1.6%) |
| Domain Authority | DR 54, DA 57 - strong SEO profile and extensive backlink base |
| “Person of the Year 2019” | Official information partner of the RBC-Ukraine national award |
| Kyiv Post citation | Kyiv Post (Ukraine’s leading English-language newspaper) cited UAInfo.org as a reliable source |
| Georgian Journal citation | International citation by a Georgian publication - recognition beyond Ukraine |
Why this works:
- International citations (Kyiv Post, Georgian Journal) - independent confirmation of authority
- Multiple verifications (On-News, PrFlare, PRNEWS.io, ZoomInfo) - each platform independently confirms status
- Partnership with national award - country-level recognition
- Comparison with leaders - listed alongside Pravda.com.ua, TSN.ua, RBC.ua
- International audience - traffic from 6+ countries proves global reach
Other CIS Countries
Super.kg (Super-Info, Kyrgyzstan) - example for a country-level media outlet
Documents for proving major media status:
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Explanatory Note | Key information: age, reach, awards |
| Best Newspaper of the Year 2018 | National award of Kyrgyzstan (source: Kaktus.media) |
| Best Newspaper of the Year 2019 | Repeat national award - sustained leadership |
| Top-25 by circulation | Among 25 newspapers with the highest circulation in Kyrgyzstan (Vesti.kg) |
| Top-5 most read | Among the 5 most read media outlets in the country (24.KG) |
| Leading media list | Listed in the national catalog of influential media with high engagement |
| LiveInternet | #3 among most visited media websites in Kyrgyzstan |
| BBC Media Guide | BBC News recognizes Super.kg as a major Kyrgyz media outlet with national reach |
| Soros Foundation Research | Media preference study: Super-Info among the most preferred information sources |
Why this works:
- National awards 2 consecutive years (2018, 2019)
- Multiple independent rankings (Top-5, Top-25, #3 by traffic)
- Recognition by international organizations (BBC, Soros Foundation)
- For a country-level media outlet, it is important to show leadership WITHIN THE COUNTRY
Trade Publications (UK)
TechBullion (UK) - trade publication example
Documents for proving major trade publication status:
| Document | What It Proves |
|---|---|
| Company registration | Rich Media Network Ltd, London, 2016, registration No 09907474 |
| Media Profile | Fintech, technology, business news; industry trends, emerging technologies |
| Newswire Section | Dedicated section for distributing breaking news - distribution channel role |
| Silicon Valley Times | Recognized as a “dynamic platform” for the fintech community |
| Major Media Citations | Leading media outlets cite TechBullion content - recognition of authority |
| Crunchbase Profile | Verification as a technology publication focused on digital transformation |
| SimilarWeb | 1.21 million visits; audience: USA (22.62%), India (9.50%), UK (7.63%), Pakistan (6.48%) |
| Semrush | #1,699 in the global investing/fintech category; 5 continents |
Why this works as a trade publication:
- Official UK registration - Companies House confirms legitimacy
- Silicon Valley Times recognition - independent status confirmation
- Citation by major media - the outlet itself serves as a source for other media
- Newswire function - distribution channel role for the fintech industry
- Professional audience - fintech/investing/marketing specialists
Additional Officer Objections to Major Status Evidence
Objection: internet accessibility ≠ major media
“USCIS is not persuaded that international accessibility via the internet by itself is a realistic indicator of whether a given publication is ‘major media.’ And posting an article online does not transform an otherwise local media or a vendor’s website into major media nationally or internationally.”
The officer states: the fact that a website is accessible worldwide does not make it major media. Publishing online does not transform a local outlet into an international one.
Objection: liveinternet.com and metrica.guru are not convincing
“You have provided no evidence that liveinternet.com and metrica.guru are websites known for providing credible information regarding the status of media sources within Russia. One web traffic analysis website on its own is not persuasive to establish a source is considered major media. There should be independent documentation from several other credible sources.”
The officer states: you used liveinternet and metrica.guru, but did not prove these are authoritative sources. One analytics service is insufficient. Multiple independent sources are needed.
Objection: liveinternet.ru and mlg.ru must be PROVEN as credible
“Please note you have not established that liveinternet.ru and mlg.ru are credible sources for website traffic.”
The officer states directly: you have NOT PROVEN that liveinternet.ru and mlg.ru are authoritative sources. It is not enough to simply provide data - you need to explain WHY this source can be trusted.
Objection: MEDIA RANKINGS for the country are needed, not just web traffic
“We note your submission of website traffic for the sources from similarweb.com. Yet information from the website analysis tools (similarweb.com, liveinternet.ru, mlg.ru) is inconclusive. One web traffic analysis website on its own is not persuasive to establish a source is considered major media. There should be independent documentation from several other credible sources to establish a media source (print, TV, website, etc.) is considered major media. The independent credible sources documentation should include lists ranking a country’s top media sources in print, television, etc., not simply web traffic numbers and rankings of websites compared to other websites.”
Critically important: the officer requires not just web traffic, but “lists ranking a country’s top media sources”. Official country media rankings (print, TV) are needed, not just website comparisons.
Objection: “vague evidence” + web traffic ≠ major
“You have submitted vague evidence of general overviews and website traffic for the above mentioned media. With the above characteristics noted, information presented was inconclusive as web pages can be accessed both intentionally and unintentionally. We are not persuaded that accessibility, web traffic analysis, or page views by themselves a realistic indicator of whether a given website is ‘major media’ commensurate with the regulatory requirements.”
The officer states: your evidence is “vague”. Traffic includes accidental visits - that is not an indicator of major media. Accessibility ≠ major status.
Objection: online publication does not make media major
“The mere act of posting an article online does not transform what is otherwise local media or a vendor’s website into major media. The record lacks evidence that the online sites constitute major media or a professional or major trade sources.”
The officer states: simply posting an article online does not make a publication major. Evidence that this is truly major media is needed, not just a website.
“Mere act of posting online does not meet this criterion”
“You submitted information from website analysis tools, which is inconclusive. Websites can be blogs, vendors, search engines, news, social media or a variety of other classifications. Pages are accessed both intentionally and unintentionally. We are not persuaded that accessibility or page views by itself is a realistic indicator of whether a given website is ‘major media’ commensurate with the regulatory requirements. The mere act of posting an article online does not meet this criterion.”
The clearest formulation: “posting online does not meet this criterion”. The officer lists website types (blogs, vendors, search engines, social media) and states that page views are not an indicator of major media.
Roskomnadzor registration ≠ major media
“You provided material from rkn.gov.ru showing the internet media were registered with Roskomnadzor. You also provided narrative and explanations, but the record of proceeding does not contain independent evidence corroborating your narrative. Without objectivity, these explanations have little evidentiary weight.”
Important for Russian media: Roskomnadzor registration (rkn.gov.ru) only shows the outlet is officially registered media but does NOT prove it is major. Your explanations without independent evidence = “little evidentiary weight”.
Medialogia - methodology must be EXPLAINED
“We acknowledge the information/data from rkn.gov.ru, and mlg.ru, such as the rankings and cited information. However, the evidence does not provide circulation, readership, or viewership (for major trade publications and other major media) of the published material to other statistics. Furthermore, you did not provide evidence to explain rkn.gov.ru, and mlg.ru standards of procedure and guidelines. You did not provide evidence that rkn.gov.ru, and mlg.ru methods of evaluation are accurate and fair.”
The officer requires not just Medialogia data, but an EXPLANATION of how Medialogia calculates rankings. You must attach a methodology description and prove the methods are “accurate and fair”.
Medialogia - newspaper rankings do not prove major status of an online source
“You provided evidence from sources such as mlg.ru that indicate rankings and/or cited newspaper information; but the evidence does not indicate the relative circulation, readership, or viewership (for major trade publications and other major media) of the published material (compared) to other statistics. Nor does it verify that the online source material (URL addresses) is considered professional or major trade publications or other major media.”
The officer states: Medialogia provides NEWSPAPER rankings but does not prove major status of the ONLINE VERSION. A ranking of argumenti.ru in Medialogia does not mean argumenti.ru is major media.
Medialogia - hyperlink rankings are not convincing (medicine)
“The petitioner provided material from the publications’ own respective websites and analytic information from Medialogy, but this only provides rankings of other social media pharmaceutical and medicine websites based on the number of hyperlinks that were posted on other social media websites. The petitioner did not submit any objective, documentary evidence which demonstrates that either website qualifies as professional or major trade publications or other major media.”
Rankings based on the number of hyperlinks on social media are insufficient. “Objective, documentary evidence” is needed to prove major status.
Media rankings alone ≠ major media
“The petitioner submitted media rankings and media citation rankings. However, media rankings alone do not automatically establish that a publication is considered major media. The petitioner did not submit probative evidence to establish the publication’s reputation and influence.”
The officer states directly: media rankings (Medialogia, SimilarWeb, etc.) alone do NOT prove major status. Additional evidence of “reputation and influence” is needed.
Online source ≠ Print publication - prove SEPARATELY
“You provided evidence for Newspapers; however, online sources (URL addresses) and newspapers may be separate and distinct from one another, and one and/or both may not be considered professional or major trade publications or other major media. For example, the evidence may indicate the ranking and/or cited information of the newspaper, but not provide evidence/information for the online source material (URL address).”
Critically important: the online version and the print newspaper are SEPARATE entities for USCIS. Proving that Kommersant (the newspaper) is major is not enough. You need to separately prove that kommersant.ru (the website) is also major.
Data year must match the publication year
“The information from akarussia.ru, and kp.ru is for the year 2022, and not for the year (2024) the claimed publications were printed online and/or in print edition.”
The officer rejected 2022 data for a 2024 publication. Media statistics must be from the same year as your article. If the article was published in 2024 - you need 2024 data.
Important when responding to an RFE: even if you receive new publications AFTER filing the I-140, they cannot be used in your RFE response. Eligibility is determined as of the filing date.
When responding to an RFE
You cannot add articles published after the I-140 filing date. Eligibility is determined as of the filing date, not as of the date of the RFE response.
To prove major media you need
1. Multiple independent sources (not just SimilarWeb)
2. Country media rankings (not just website rankings)
3. Proof that your data sources (liveinternet, mlg.ru) are themselves credible
Online Platforms and Social Media
Hackernoon - Major Media or Like Medium?
Hackernoon falls in a gray area:
- Pros: editorial control, high traffic, tech focus
- Cons: platform for authors, not a traditional media outlet
Recommendation: submit as a professional trade publication, not as major media. Demonstrate the editorial process.
Hackernoon "Women in Tech" templates - officers check!
Quote from RFE
"A review of the Hackernoon article includes a link to 'Share your story today!' This leads to a page for the Women in Tech Interview with instructions to 'Sign in or create an account to fill out this template.' The template is comprised of all of the same questions in the petitioner's article, and this not only supports that the purpose of this article is for self-promotion, but it also indicates that the petitioner was the actual author of the article, rather than the individual listed as the author. USCIS will not consider these promotional articles for this criterion."
How to Prove Award Significance Through Media?
Collect publications about the award in media:
- Ceremony announcements
- Lists of nominees/winners
- Articles about past laureates
Forbes Tech Council - Does This Count?
No for the media criterion about you. Forbes Tech Council:
- Is a paid association ($2000+/year)
- Articles on forbes.com/councils are your authored pieces, not about you
- Officers know the difference between Forbes and Forbes Councils
Can be used for: membership in an association, Final Merits.
Example from RFE: Forbes Council quotes are not credited
Quote from RFE
“USCIS also notes the blog posts from Forbes council are included. These blog posts only briefly quote from the beneficiary. For example, ‘Sharing expertise and experience is always a win-win strategy in the long term. - [Name], [COMPANY] LLC.’ Published material must not simply be about your work, but about you though it may not be unrelated to your work. Therefore, these articles do not meet the plain language of this criterion.”
The officer shows a specific example: a single quote with name and company in a Forbes Council article is NOT “published material about the beneficiary”. The article must be ABOUT YOU, not merely QUOTE you.
Lack of editorial control
“User-created content, blogs, social media, web portals, or a company’s website are not subject to editorial review and are not therefore commensurate with published major media or a professional or major trade publication.”
Forbes Council = user-created content. No editorial selection - you write and publish yourself.
Does a LinkedIn Article/Post Qualify for This Criterion?
No. LinkedIn is:
- A social network, not a media outlet
- No editorial control
- Self-publishing
Can be used for Final Merits as evidence of thought leadership.
Does Medium Qualify or Categorically Not?
Categorically no for regular publications. Medium:
- Is a self-publishing platform
- No editorial control
Exception: articles in curated publications on Medium (if there is an editor and a selection process). But this is a weak argument.
Example from RFE: promotional content on platforms without editorial review
Officer’s criticism
“The submitted articles appear to be promotional in nature and were published on platforms that accept user-submitted content without editorial review. The publications do not qualify as professional or major trade publications or other major media.”
The officer identified two problems:
- Content appears promotional
- Platform accepts content without editorial selection
Examples of such platforms: Medium, HackerNoon, Forbes Contributors. Even millions of platform traffic will not help - no editorial board = not media.
Does Habr Qualify for the Media Criterion?
No for the media criterion about you. Habr:
- Is a platform for authored articles
- Articles are BY you, not ABOUT you
- Can be used for Final Merits as evidence of expertise
TechCrunch, Wired, The Verge - How to Prove Major?
These publications are unambiguously major media:
- International audience of millions per month
- Industry recognition
- Citation by other media
1-2 pages with SimilarWeb statistics are sufficient.
USA Today Contributor Content Section - Does It Count?
No. “Contributor Content”, “Partner Content”, “Sponsored” - this is not editorial content. Officers look for these labels.
Formatting in the Petition
How to Format Media Descriptions in the Petition?
Structure for each publication:
- Name and URL
- Description of the outlet (1-2 sentences)
- Audience statistics (SimilarWeb, circulation)
- Ranking in the country/category
- Recognition (awards, citations)
- Comparison with an American counterpart
How to Describe One Media Outlet in the Memorandum? Is 10 Pages Too Many?
Yes, 10 pages per one outlet is too many. Optimal:
- 1-2 pages of descriptive text
- 2-3 pages of screenshots (SimilarWeb, Media Kit)
- Total 3-5 pages maximum
Attach the Full Media Kit or Just the First Page?
Only relevant pages:
- About / Overview (1 page)
- Audience Statistics (1-2 pages)
- Awards / Recognition (if available)
No need to attach the advertising price list.
How to Describe Forbes Russia’s Prominence?
Example:
Sample petition description
“Forbes Russia is the Russian edition of Forbes, one of the world’s most recognized business publications. Licensed by Forbes Media LLC, the publication reaches Russia’s business elite with 15M+ monthly visits according to SimilarWeb, ranking among Top-5 business media in Russia.”
What to Highlight in the Article/Interview?
Highlight in the description:
- The headline contains your name
- The article focuses on your achievements
- The journalist describes you as an expert/leader
- Context of the publication (award, launch, event)
How Many Words Should the Article Have? Is 400 Words Too Few?
There is no formal minimum. But:
- 400 words - acceptable if it is a professional piece about you
- 800+ words is better for persuasiveness
- Quality matters more than length
Is a Photo in the Article Mandatory?
No, but a photo with your name in the caption strengthens the argument that the article is “about the alien”.
Types of Publications
Do Interviews Count as Articles About the Beneficiary?
Yes, if:
- Published in major media
- Has an editorial introduction about you
- Focuses on your work and achievements
No, if it is simply a Q&A without context.
Example from RFE: interview for business promotion does not count
Quote from RFE
“The petitioner states that he has been interviewed in various broadcast and print media such as the Georgia Today and Doeba in Imeldi TV. However, the petitioner has not shown that these interviews and activities were about him, relating to his work; the various media were not reporting on the petitioner’s skills and achievements. Rather the petitioner made these appearances as part of his duties to promote his field or his website.”
The officer states: you appeared on TV, but it was to promote your website/business, not coverage of your achievements. Promotional interviews ≠ articles about you.
| Counts | Does Not Count |
|---|---|
| The media outlet decided on its own to cover you | You came to promote your product |
| Focus on your achievements | Focus on your business/website |
| The journalist describes you as an expert | You are advertising your services |
Radio/TV Interviews - How to Format?
- Transcript in English
- Video screenshots
- Information about the channel/program
- Audience data (Mediascope, Nielsen)
- Media Kit of the program (if available)
Radio interview WITHOUT a transcript = not published material
Quote from RFE
"Interviews from radio stations are not published material as contemplated by the regulation at 8 C.F.R. 204.5(h)(3)(iii) which references written work and specifically requires evidence of an author. As such, the evidence regarding the radio interview is not probative."
Do Press Releases Count for the Media Criterion?
No. Even if they appeared on Yahoo Finance or MarketWatch - this is not editorial content. Officers know this.
Does a Publication Marked “Advertising Article” Qualify?
No. Any labels of Sponsored, Partner Content, Advertorial, Native - are not credited.
Expert Columns - Media or Scholarly Articles?
Neither for the “media about me” criterion. Your authored columns are not articles ABOUT YOU.
Can be used for: demonstrating expertise (Final Merits), Authorship criterion (if in a scholarly journal).
Example from RFE: article written by you ≠ media criterion
Quote from RFE
“The article was authored by you. However, the plain language of this criterion requires that the published media be about you, not authored by you.”
The clearest rule: “about you, not authored by you”. If you are the AUTHOR of the article - it does not work for the published material about the alien criterion.
Glossy Magazine - What Conditions for Credit?
- Must be major (large circulation/audience)
- The article must be about your professional activity
- Not advertising material
Vogue, Elle, GQ - may qualify for the fashion/beauty industry.
Film Review in a Professional Publication - Is This Media About Me?
Depends on the content:
- Yes - if the review focuses on your work as a director/producer
- No - if you are simply mentioned in the credits
Lifestyle Interview Without Professional Achievements - Does It Qualify for the Media Criterion?
Weak evidence. The criterion requires “relating to work in the field”. If the interview is only about personal life - it does not qualify.
Co-authorship of Media Articles - Does It Work Like in Academia?
No. For the media criterion, the article must be ABOUT YOU, not written by you. Co-authoring an article is a different criterion.
Contributor Instead of Journalist as Author - Is It Acceptable?
Depends on the context:
- Staff Contributor - ok
- Guest Contributor - may be problematic (like Forbes Contributors)
- Check whether there is editorial control
If the Media Outlet’s Journalist Is a Guest Contributor - Is That OK?
Look at the publication’s editorial policy. If the contributor undergoes editorial review - ok. If it is a self-publishing platform - no.
Russian and Regional Media
How to Prove Major Media Status for Russian Publications?
USCIS officers Google your media outlets!
Quote from RFE
"On November 4, 2025, USCIS performed a general Google search on the background of both of the aforementioned media sources..."
Example: officer Googled 'General Director' and Radio Rostov
Officer’s Google search about the magazine “General Director”
“The magazine ‘General Director’ is a specialized business-oriented publication in Russia, but it is not considered one of the major, mass-media publications in the overall Russian media landscape. The Russian media landscape is largely dominated by state-controlled television channels and major news agencies.”
The officer found via Google: General Director - “professional niche”, not major media.
Officer’s Google search about Radio Rostov
“Radio Rostov is a regional media outlet, not a major national media publication in Russia. Major media publications in Russia typically have a national, or even international, reach, covering 85% or more of the country’s population.”
Even a 2.2 million audience is insufficient for “major media” in the context of all of Russia.
How to Prove That a Local Publication (MK-SPb) Is Major?
- Leadership in the region
- Part of a federal network
- Audience relative to the regional population
- History and awards
Example from RFE: local publication ≠ national acclaim
Officer’s position
“To qualify as major media, the publication should have significant national or international distribution. You would not earn acclaim at the national level from a local publication. Some newspapers, like The New York Times, nominally serve a particular locality but, unlike local papers, would qualify as major media because of significant national distribution.”
Local newspaper = local recognition, not national. The NYT is formally a “New York” paper but is read across the entire country - that is why it is major.
Washington Post - local section does not work
“Even with nationally-circulated newspapers, consideration must be given to the placement of the article. For example, an article that appears in the Washington Post, but in a section that is distributed only in Fairfax County, Virginia, cannot serve to spread an individual’s reputation outside of that county.”
Even the Washington Post will not help if the article is in a local section. The officer examines the PLACEMENT of the article within the publication.
Regional audience = denial
“The evidence does not demonstrate that the news articles were published in major media. Publications with only a regional audience are not generally considered to be major media.”
The officer states directly: regional audience ≠ major media.
Data without comparison is useless
“No evidence was provided comparing the circulation figures of these publications to those of other similar publications. Data alone is insufficient to meet the requirements of this criterion.”
Even if you have circulation data - without COMPARISON to other publications, it is useless.
What is required for local media
“You may submit independent and objective evidence indicating: the circulation (online and/or in print) at the time of publication, comparative circulation data of major publications in the field at the time of publication, the intended audience of the publication.”
The key: “comparative circulation data” - you need to COMPARE your outlet’s circulation with other major publications. Without comparison, the numbers mean nothing.
Kazakhstan publications - example of regional media
“The provided articles do not adequately satisfy the ‘published material’ criterion because they mutually fail to prove sustained national or international acclaim for the individual petitioner’s exact work. Furthermore, regional publications, even those with impact data, may not meet the standard of ‘major media’ as defined for international visa purposes, which typically emphasizes broader national or international reach.”
The officer on Time.kz, Forbes.kz, KazTAG.kz: even with audience data, regional publications may not meet the “major media” standard for international visa purposes. “Broader national or international reach” - broad reach is needed.
Central Asia (medicine) - Inbusiness.kz, Orda.kz, TechTimes
“The evidence submitted does not adequately demonstrate that the published material about the beneficiary appeared in professional publications or major media, as required by 8 C.F.R. 204.5(h)(3)(iii). USCIS regulations stipulate that the publications must have significant national or international circulation or be recognized as authoritative within the petitioner’s field. The current record lacks information about the publications’ reach, audience, or prominence.”
The officer requires: circulation statistics, audience data, evidence of publications’ reputation. Without this - denial.
“Briefly mention” - not “about the beneficiary”
“Moreover, the submitted material does not meet the requirements because it is not primarily about the beneficiary or their work in the field. The current evidence includes articles that only briefly mention the beneficiary or discuss broader subjects without emphasizing their accomplishments.”
The second problem: articles that “briefly mention” or “discuss broader subjects” - this is NOT “about the beneficiary”.
Rejected (medicine, Central Asia):
- Inbusiness.kz - no audience data
- Orda.kz - no reach/prominence data
- TechTimes (online) - major status not proven
Rejected (sports):
- SM News - “Myths About Women’s Powerlifting”
- Sport Express - opinion piece about sports
- Interview Age - interview about training
- Sport Shift - “How to Discover Powerlifting”
AiF Tyumen, informio.ru - regional online sources
“You provided evidence from tmn.aif.ru (July 27, 2024), kp.ru (April 17, 2024), informio.ru (December 2, 2023); however, you did not provide sufficient evidence to verify that the online source material is considered professional or major trade publications or other major media. USCIS notes, that you provided evidence for Newspapers; however, online sources (URL addresses) and newspapers may be separate and distinct from one another.”
Specific example: tmn.aif.ru (regional AiF Tyumen), informio.ru. The officer emphasizes: evidence for the NEWSPAPER does not work for the ONLINE VERSION.
Key point:
- tmn.aif.ru - regional AiF subdomain (Tyumen)
- Evidence of the “Argumenty i Fakty” newspaper’s circulation does not apply to the regional website
- You need to prove major status specifically for tmn.aif.ru
"Data alone is insufficient"
Even if you have traffic numbers, you need to show:
1. COMPARISON with other publications in the same niche
2. MEDIA RANKINGS (Medialogia, etc.)
3. Evidence of NATIONAL reach
Does Regional RBC Qualify as Major?
Depends on the region:
- RBC St. Petersburg, RBC Moscow - part of the federal network, ok
- Smaller regional ones - you need to prove regional leadership
Publication on Subdomains (spb.kp.ru) - Whose Data to Cite?
Cite the main domain data (kp.ru) + explain that spb.kp.ru is a regional section of a federal publication.
Example from RFE: spb.mk.ru vs mk.ru - officer noticed the substitution
Petitioner’s mistake
“Please note evidence in exhibit 51 was illegible and you only submitted website traffic for mk.ru, not the actual website spb.mk.ru (local mk.ru site for St. Petersburg) that posted the article.”
The officer noticed that the petitioner submitted traffic for mk.ru (federal), but the article was on spb.mk.ru (regional St. Petersburg). These are DIFFERENT websites - the officer did not accept this substitution.
Additional problem: Exhibit 51 was “illegible”
Do not substitute domains!
If the article is on spb.mk.ru - submit traffic for spb.mk.ru, not mk.ru. Officers check URLs.
Can Regional Media Divisions Be Used Instead of Federal Ones?
Yes, but with an important nuance regarding traffic.
- Traffic - prove specifically for the regional website, not the federal one
- Rankings, awards, brand history - can be from the federal publication
How to explain to the officer
"Kommersant Kuban is a regional division of the federal publication Kommersant (top-3 business media in Russia according to Medialogia ranking). The article was published on the regional website with an audience of X unique visitors."
This article is based on community experience and public sources. It is not legal advice. For your specific situation, consult a licensed immigration attorney or qualified professional.